Angielski. Megatest. Wersja mobilna - ebook

Wstęp

„Megatest” jest zestawem ćwiczeń gramatyczno-leksykalnych dla uczniów, maturzystów, studentów, osób przygotowujących się do egzaminów językowych Cambridge (FCE i CAE), a także wszystkich chcących utrwalić i poszerzyć znajomość angielskiego, w tym również samodzielnie uczących się języka.

W części gramatycznej książka obejmuje swoim zakresem najistotniejsze kwestie m. in. czasy, mowę zależną i niezależną, zdania warunkowe, stronę bierną, czasowniki modalne, zdradliwe czasowniki, przyimki i wyrażenia przyimkowe, przedimki. W części po-święconej leksyce zastosowano podział tematyczny według takich ważnych zagadnień jak: wszechświat i ziemia, pogoda i warunki atmosferyczne, zwierzęta, roślinność, ciało ludzkie, wiek, osobowość, problemy zdrowotne, edukacja, kariera, technologia informatyczna, język, rozrywka, państwo i organizacje międzynarodowe i inne. Tematyka i słownictwo od-powiadają wymaganiom egzaminu maturalnego na rozszerzonym poziomie oraz wymaganiom egzaminacyjnym FCE i CAE.

Podręcznik składa się z dziesięciu rozdziałów, które obejmują zestaw ćwiczeń, quizów i testów podsumowujących każde zagadnienie oraz klucza do ćwiczeń. Jeden z rozdziałów poświęcony jest w całości przykładowym zadaniom egzaminacyjnym do FCE i CAE. Rozdział ten zawiera przykładowe zadania do Paper 3 czyli Use of English. Zadania zostały opracowane z zachowaniem struktury oraz poziomu trudności odpowiednio egzaminu FCE i CAE.

Niniejsza książka wykorzystuje fragmenty repetytoriów i niezbędników mojego autorstwa opublikowanych przez wydawnictwo Lingo, a także zawiera nowy, specjalnie opracowany materiał. Więcej informacji na temat repetytoriów i niezbędników językowych Lingo znajduje się na stronie na www.językinieobce.pl.

Z życzeniami samych udanych testów, powodzenia na egzaminach i satysfakcji z nauki języka

Autorka2 MOWA ZALEŻNA I NIEZALEŻNA

Komunikacja językowa nie może obejść się bez relacjonowania opinii, stwierdzeń, pytań, sugestii za słyszanych czy odczytanych. W przypadku przywoływania czyichś słów w piśmie mamy zawsze możliwość wzięcia danej wypowiedzi w cudzysłów i poprzedzenia jej stosownym czasownikiem wprowadzającym takim jak say, tell (najczęściej spotykane) bądź np.: inform, claim, argue. Mamy wtedy do czynienia z mową niezależną (direct speech). Mowy niezależnej używa się przeważnie w języku pisanym, aby przytoczyć dokładnie czyjeś słowa. Występuje w dialogach w powieściach, nowelach i innych utworach literackich.

Stosuje się ją w sytuacjach, w których ważna jest precyzja, np. w takich dziedzinach jak prawo czy polityka.

2.1 Czasowniki wprowadzające

1 Dopasuj poniższe czasowniki wprowadzające do zdań 1–10.

Klucz

ask, promise, deny, exclaim (2x), whisper, explain, complain, admit, assure

Wzór: "What is this supposed to be?" he asked.

1. "Who's calling, please?"

2. "I'm not a child!"

3. "Shh, not so loud."

4. "My left shoulder hurts terribly."

5. "Go away!"

6. "I will get you out of this."

7. "Yes, I cheated in the exam."

8. "I didn't say that."

9. "They will get here in time."

10. "Green tea cools the body."

2 Znajdź i popraw błędy w poniższych zdaniach.

Klucz

1. He reminded to me that it was her birthday.

2. She replied me that she hadn't heard anything.

3. He assured that it would be easy.

4. The desk clerk informed that there were no rooms.

5. He admitted me that he offended them.

6. The teacher explained us that Islam doesn't allow extramarital relationships.

7. He promised that he would stop lying.

8. She complained that she was unfairly treated.

9. The landlord moaned that we used too much water.

10. She claimed that the telephone bill was paid the previous week.

3 Znajdź w kolumnie B właściwego mówcę dla zdań w kolumnie A.

Klucz

A

1 "The soil was not treated with fertilizers,"

2 "It suits your figure,"

3 "I need this report by noon,"

4 "Practise your spelling,"

5 "I gave up on acting,"

6 "I will stand for election,"

7 "Please don't touch the exhibits,"

8 "Get undressed,"

B

a the doctor told me.

b the actor said.

c the boss said.

d the politician said.

e the shop assistant told me.

f the curator said.

g the teacher told me.

h the farmer said.

2.2 Zmiany dotyczące czasów

4 Wyraź poniżej podane zdania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. "It is a gorgeous room," she said.
2. "You speak English very well," said Beth.
3. “I haven’t talked to him yet,” said Alice.
4. Bob said, “It looks frightening.”
5. “She is a very talented lawyer,” said Jim.
6. Philip said, “I am not trying to offend anyone.”
7. “I’m a babysitter,’ said Amy.
8. “We will try again tomorrow,” he said.
9. “I will wash the dishes”, she said.
10. “I won’t repeat the mistake,” said Tom.
11. Tim said, “She is very kind.”
12. “It didn’t happen like that,” Mark said.
13. Katy said, “I will do whatever it takes.”
14. “I won’t say a word”, Grace said.
15. “I have been trying to call you,” said Greg.

5 Przekształć poniższe zdania na dwa sposoby według wzoru.

Klucz

“She is always honest.”

He said that she is always honest.

He said that she was always honest.

1. “She loves mountains.”
2. “He is always late.”
3. “I have never heard about it.”
4. “I hate Mondays.”
5. “She is getting better.”
6. “It will cost you a fortune.”
7. “He is always blaming me for things I haven’t done.”
8. “I’m sick and tired of it.”
9. “He won’t be missed.”
10. “She doesn’t want to be an accountant.”
11. “My son believes in Santa Claus.”
12. “ Beth never gets angry about anything.”
13. “ Mrs Right often borrows things from us.”
14. “My sister is a very reasonable girl.”
15. “They live in Twin Oaks.”

2.3 Zmiany dotyczące czasowników modalnych

6 Wyraź poniżej podane zdania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. "You must be over 21 to hire a car."

2. "She must be seeing things."

3. "He must be mad."

4. "You ought to think twice."

5. "He couldn't find common ground with some people."

6. "She could wear whatever she wanted."

7. "You mustn't let anyone use it."

8. "I would like to see you again."

9. "You needn't go to all that trouble."

10. "She used to work as a housekeeper."

11. "He should be indicted."

12. "You ought to quit smoking."

13. "You might clean the house."

14. "I must talk to you."

15. "You might succeed in convincing him."

7 W ciągu dnia Grace spotykała się z różnymi osobami, które powiedziały jej m.in.:

Klucz

Pharmacist:

"The prescription expired yesterday."

"You should call the doctor to renew it."

Grace's boss:

"Grace, I've noticed your hard work."

"You will find something extra in your paycheck."

Grace's fiancé:

"I would rather get married in Vegas."

Mrs Jenkins:

"I may drop in for a chat."

Wieczorem Grace opowiada babci o minionym dniu.

Uzupełnij relacje Grace, posługując się mową zależną.

Grace: Hi grandma! I went to the chemist's after work.

The lady there said ................................ (1). Grandma: Oh dear!

Grace: She told me ................................ (2).

Grandma: Yes, yes. I will do it. And how was your work? Grace: Very busy. I'm exhausted.

Grandma: And that boss of yours – is he nice? Grace: Some days he is nice, some days he is not.

Today he said ................................ (3). Grandma: How nice of him.

Grace: Yes, I felt some sort of satisfaction. He also told me that ........................(4). Grandma: This is a just great! I'm so proud of you. And how is Jack? Grace: Oh, you wouldn't believe what he told me yesterday!

He said ................................(5).

Grandma: He said what?!

Grace: Don't worry, grandma, I think he was only joking.

You know he loves to joke. Grandma: You never know with him, dear.

Grace: Oh, while it's still fresh in my mind. I met Mrs Jenkins on the stairs.

She said ................................(6).

2.4 Zmiany dotyczące zaimków

8 Zamień poniżej podane zdania na mowę zależną.

Klucz

1. "This is very easy."

2. "These are very good questions."

3. "I enjoyed this book."

4. "These are quite comfortable too."

5. "I have bought these for myself."

6. "This is a real war."

7. "These were the good old days."

8. "These roses are for you."

9 Zamień poniższe zdania na mowę zależną, pamiętając o zaimkach osobowych i dzierżawczych.

Klucz

1. Bob said, “I have met your parents.”
2. Katy said, “We have bought a new camera.”
3. Tim said, “I’d like you to meet my girlfriend.”
4. Jerry said, “Our car has a flat tyre.”
5. Paul said, “Bet your laptop is heavier than mine.”
6. Sue said, “My job is stressing me out.”
7. Jack said, “No company is better than ours.”

10 Przekaż w mowie zależnej informacje zostawione przez Grega na automatycznej sekretarce.

Klucz

a)

Hi, Beth. We are in Greece. We are staying at the Attica Hotel. It is absolutely fantastic! The rooms are very clean and the staff are friendly. Nothing is too much trouble. We couldn’t have asked for better accommodation! Our room overlooks the sea – it is wonderful to watch the sun set and rise. The food is excellent, especially the home-made bread and cookies. I will call you again on Saturday. Say hello to Mike from Kate and me.

Greg left a message on your answering machine. He said that....................................

b)

Hi, Beth. It is me again. We are a bit tired of our room. True, it is clean, but it is very, very small. There is no place to keep our suitcases. The bathroom is also tiny. You can sit on the toilet and brush your teeth over the sink. After the second night I called the reception desk to request a room change, but I was told that the hotel was overbooked and a room change was not an option. We are planning on checking out tomorrow. Say hello to Mike from us.

On Saturday, Greg left you another message. He complained that.............................

2.5 Pytania w mowie zależnej i niezależnej

11 Zamień pytania 1–15 na pytania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. "What happened?"

2. "Everything all right?"

3. "Will that be all?"

4. "What are you talking about?"

5. "How long are you staying?"

6. "What are you going to do?"

7. "How much does it cost?"

8. "What have you done to your hair?"

9. "What is wrong with you?"

10. "Who are you?"

11. "What do you want to become: a doctor or a lawyer?

12. "What is your boss like?"

13. "How are you doing?"

14. "How do you know my name?"

15. "What have you learnt?"

12 Wyraź poniższe pytania w mowie zależnej, wprowadzając przytoczenie słowem interpretującym wypowiedź według wzoru.

Klucz

"Will you stay for dinner?"

She invited me for dinner.

1. "Will you join us?"
2. "Will you be my friend?"
3. "Will you please go now?"
4. "Will you answer the questions?"
5. "Would you like a cup of coffee?"
6. "Would you recommend me?"
7. "Will you please be serious?"
8. "Will you take me home?"
9. "Will you wait for me?"
10. "Will you stop staring at me?"
11. "Would you turn off the radio?"
12. “Will you give her my regards?”
13. “Would you let me go?”
14. “Would you help me out?”
15. “Will you please behave yourself?”

13 Zamień pytania 1–12 na pytania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. “Would you like to be self employed?”
2. “Have you got a light?”
3. “Can you trust him?”
4. “Are you sure you want to know?”
5. “Is your neighbour a bully?”
6. “Is there any way out?”
7. “Do you often skip breakfast?”
8. “Has she really changed?”
9. “Have they kept their promises?”
10. “Is there any problem?”
11. “Does he still work there?”
12. “Do you approve of the ban on beer advertising?”

14Jak brzmiało pytanie w mowie niezależnej?

Klucz

1. He asked me what time it was.
2. She asked me whether I would come.
3. He asked me if I would do him a favour.
4. She asked him what he was doing there.
5. He asked me what I wanted for my birthday.
6. She asked him whether it was his car.
7. They asked me if I could speak Spanish.
8. They asked us if we knew anything about it.
9. He asked her if he could call back for further information.
10. He asked her whether she was taking her pills.

15 Wybierz właściwe uzupełnienie a, b lub c dla zdań 1–5.

Klucz

1. He asked me .....................

a) where I wanted to go

b) where did I want to go

c) where I want to go

2. She asked me whether .....................

a) I had seen the film

b) had I seen the film

c) I saw the film

3. He wanted to know whether .....................

a) are we to wear protective clothing

b) did we wear protective clothing

c) we were to wear protective clothing

4. He wondered .....................

a) how had I managed to convince my parents

b) how I had managed to convince my parents

c) how did I manage to convince my parents

5. She asked us .....................

a) what were we doing

b) what were we to do

c) what we were doing

16 Uzupełnij relację w mowie zależnej na podstawie dialogu między Johnem a sprzedawcą w salonie telefonii komórkowej.

Klucz

Seller: Good morning sir, how can I help you?John: Good morning. I’m looking for a mobile phone.

S: Prepaid or postpaid?

J: I’m not sure. What is the difference between them?

S: With a prepaid mobile phone you will buy a block of minutes ahead of time. There are no monthly bills and you don’t sign a contract. However, the billing is based on a per-minute cost. So, if you are going to use your mobile often then you should go in for a postpaid plan.

J: I think I will be better with a prepaid plan. I’m not a heavy phone user.

S: One more thing, the SIM card includes 15 euros of calling credit. When it runs out, you have to buy more time. If the card is inactive for a longer period of time, it expires.

J: I see. Where can I buy the SIM card?

S: You can buy it in any phone shop or at the newsagents, supermarkets or petrol stations.

J: OK, I will take it.

John went to a phone shop to buy a mobile phone. He wasn’t sure which mobile to buy. The seller told him that with a prepaid mobile phone he (1) .............................. a block of minutes ahead of time. He told him that there (2) ................................ no monthly bills and that he (3) ................................ sign a contract. He also said that the billing (4) ........................................ based on per-minute cost. He concluded that if he (5).......................................... to use his mobile phone often, he (6) .............................. in for a postpaid plan. John replied that he (7)................................better with a prepaid plan adding that he (8) .................................... a heavy phone user. The seller informed him that the SIM card (9)........................15 euros of calling credit, so when it (10).......................... out, he (11)......................to buy more time. He added that if the card (12)............ inactive for a longer period of time, it (13)...................... . Then John asked him where he (14).............................. the SIM card. The seller replied that he (15)............ it in any phone shop or at the newsagents, supermarkets or petrol stations.

17 Wybierz właściwe wyrażenie, aby uzupełnić każde ze zdań 1–7. Posłuż się mową zależną.

Klucz

------------------------------ -------------------------
“How is the weather?” “How is she?”
“Where do you want to go?” “Are you hungry?”
“Why do you fight with him?” “Is there any way out?”
“How do you like it?”
------------------------------ -------------------------

1. Kim was going out for a walk, so she asked me ..................................................... .
2. Beth’s sister was discharged from hospital, so I asked her .................................... .
3. Tom looked at my contract and I asked him ........................................................... .
4. Amy doesn't go along with her brother, so I asked her ........................................... .
5. I saw that he was using a new Canon camcorder, so I asked him ........................ .
6. The boy was too shy to ask for food, so she asked him ........................................... .
7. Tom picked me up for lunch and asked ................................................................... .

2.6 Polecenia, zakazy, rady i prośby

18 Wyraź poniższe polecenia i prośby w mowie zależnej, używając czasowników interpretujących sens wypowiedzi według wzoru.

Klucz

"You'd better hurry."

He advised us to hurry.

1. "Stay at home," they said

2. "Wait a moment," Mike said.

3. "Keep an eye on him," she said

4. Jack said, "Don't even think about it."

5. "Calm down and listen carefully," Simon said.

6. "Don't be afraid," Mark said.

7. "Don't lose hope," she said.

8. Helen said, "Don't expect too much."

9. "Leave me alone," Dave said.

10. "Drink more red wine," Alice said.

11. "Don't make me laugh," Tom said.

12. Roger said, "Call me back."

13. "Answer the phone," he said.

14. Jane said, "Don't stick your head out of the window."

15. "Be honest and always tell the truth," my mother said.

16. "Take it easy," Paul said.

17. "Apply a hot compress," Beth said.

18. "Stay in bed," the doctor said.

19. Ally said, "Keep your opinions to yourself."

20. "Take the car to a mechanic," Chris said.

19 Napisz, co głosi regulamin pewnej firmy. Posłuż się konstrukcją say/tell+podmiot +be+bezokolicznik według wzoru.

Klucz

Staff are to respect each other's privacy.

1. Don't use the phone for personal calls.

2. Wear badges.

3. Don't accept cash gifts.

4. Don't leave your valuables unattended.

5. Report any act of vandalism.

6. Smoke in designated areas only.

7. Park your cars in the main car park.

8. Don't discuss any job-related issues with anyone.

9. Attend appropriate training courses.

20 Przytocz w mowie zależnej poniższe polecenia wypowiedziane na lekcji przez nauczyciela.

Klucz

1. "Pay attention!"

2. "Don't speak Polish."

3. "Don't talk!"

4. "Be quiet!"

5. "Open your books."

6. "Do not copy other students' work."

7. "Write a story about your best friend."

8. "Take out your pens."

9. "Don't forget to do your homework."

10. "Put up your hands if you want to speak."

2.7 Zdania wykrzyknikowe w mowie zależnej

21 Przekształć poniższe zdania wykrzyknikowe w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. "Ugh! It smells terrible!"
2. "Whew! We made it!"
3. "Oh! I did not know that!"
4. "Wow! You look wonderful!"
5. “Yuck! It tastes awful!”
6. “Gee! It’s great!”
7. “Upon my soul! I swear this is true!”
8. “Damn! I can’t find my glasses!”
9. “Ah! That hurts!
10. “Oh dear! I’ve locked my keys inside!”

22 Dopisuj wyrażenia z kolumny A z odpowiednimi wyrażeniami z kolumny B.

Klucz

A

1 “Ouch! A bee has stung me!”

2 “Eek! A spider!”

3 “Dear me! You don’t know that?”

4 “Ay! What a waste!”

5 “Hell! You didn’t even try!”

6 “Aha! So you admit that you were wrong?”

B

a He gave an exclamation of surprise.

b He gave an exclamation of pain.

c He gave an exclamation of fear.

d He gave an exclamation of anger.

e He gave an exclamation of triumph.

f He gave an exclamation of sorrow.

23 Przekształć wyrażenia 1–5 z mowy niezależnej na zależną. Zwróć uwagę na odpowiednią transformację yes i no.

Klucz

1. He asked, “Will you help me?” and she said, “Yes.”
2. She asked, “Have you phoned Mark?” and he said, “Yes.”
3. They asked, “Are you tired?” and I answered, “No.”
4. He asked, “Can you drive?” and she answered, “No.”
5. I asked, “Is he a sports fan?” and she said, “Yes.”

24 Przekształć zdania 1–10 na mowę zależną, łącząc je każdorazowo za pomocą odpowiedniego zwrotu.

Klucz

1. "How do you like my new glasses? I bought them at Harrods."

2. "You look tired. What's wrong?"

3. "Is Jack in? I must talk to him."

4. "Have you talked to her? What is she like?"

5. "Please come in. What can I do for you?"

6. "Be quiet! I'm trying to sleep."

7. "Can I use your mobile? I need to call my boss."

8. "What are you doing here? You should be on the plane now."

9. "Have you taken the test? What is your score?"

10. "We are going to the cinema tonight. Will you join us?"

25 Przekształć zdania 1–10 na mowę zależną, łącząc je każdorazowo za pomocą adding that lub as.

Klucz

1. "Contact John. He will give you more information."

2. "See the doctor. He will put your mind at rest."

3. "Will they get married? I hope they will."

4. "Have you heard his new album? It is amazing!"

5. "Can you tell me the time? I will have to leave at 8."

6. "Can I get you some coffee? It will do you good."

7. "Take an aspirin. It will kill the pain."

8. "You'd better take a jacket. It is cold and windy."

9. "Get rid of him! He is after your money."

10. "How is she? I hope she is doing well."

2.8 Zdania warunkowe w mowie zależnej

26 Przekształć (tam gdzie jest to możliwe) następujące zdania warunkowe w mowie niezależnej na zdania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. "If I were you, I would demand a refund."

2. "If I had more time, I would read more."

3. "If I hadn't met him, I wouldn't have set up a business."

4. "If she apologised, I would forgive her."

5. "If he insisted, I wouldn't disagree."

6. "If she hadn't overslept, she would have been on that plane."

7. "If he had driven more carefully, he wouldn't have had the accident."

8. "If she comes, I won't tease her."

9. "If they had let us know, we would have picked them up from the airport."

10. "If she were more passionate, I would vote for her."

2.9 Streszczenie

27 Zreferuj poniższą wypowiedź w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

"I see little point in taking this discussion further. The rules are clear and are not

about to change. I simply reminded you of that, as I am required to do as a moder

ator – this is not patronising. I see that Tim has already told you this, so it should

have come as no surprise. If my previous remark implies that you broke the rules,

then good – that is precisely what I meant.

28 Zreferuj poniższą wypowiedź w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

"The Garbage was playing in my town last weekend. It was the first time I had

ever seen them live on stage. What a great show it was! I was lucky to have a

fourth row ticket so I could see everything perfectly. Soon after the band appeared

on the stage the crowd of 60, 000 was into things. People were just singing their

lungs out. It was well worth every penny I paid for it, every minute of the drive to

get there and the outrageous parking fee."

29 Streść poniższe wypowiedzi.

Klucz

a) "If you detect smoke, a strange smell or unusual noises around the printer, turn

it off immediately."

The service manual says that .............................................................

b) “To get to the city centre, go along this street to the traffic lights, then turn right into Church Street. Go straight on and then turn left at the next traffic lights. The city centre will be on your right.”

He told me how .............................................................

c) “Lift the cover, put the paper face down on the glass. Select the number of copies you want to make. Then press the “Print” button.” She showed me how .............................................................

d) “We wish you health, happiness, personal fulfillment, good fortune and the best of luck in all your future endeavors.” They wished me .............................................................

e) “I bought a dozen eggs, milk, butter, a piece of cheese, a packet of biscuits and a bar of chocolate.” She said that .............................................................

f) “We do not accept questions like this one where there is no attempt by the original poster to provide an answer. We require thread-starters to show their own thinking.” He said that .............................................................

30 Streść zdania 1–10 w mowie zależnej, używając każdorazowo czasownika wydrukowanego na zielono w odpowiedniej formie.

Klucz

1. “It was you who took the money!” she said. accuse .............................................................................................
2. “I can read 1000 words a minute,” she said. boast .............................................................................................
3. “I can’t tolerate your behaviour any more!” he said. complain .............................................................................................
4. “Don’t forget to send Beth a birthday card,” he said. remind ........................................................................................................................
5. “How is your husband?” she said. ask ..............................................................................................................................
6. “I have to work at weekends,” he said. moan ...........................................................................................................................
7. “My grandchildren work in the financial industry,” she said. tell ...............................................................................................................................
8. “Yes, I cheated on you,” he said. confess ........................................................................................................................
9. “You are not working hard enough!” she said. criticise .......................................................................................................................
10. “I behaved like an idiot. I am sorry,” he said. apologise ....................................................................................................................

Quiz

Rozwiąż quiz. Wybierz prawidłową odpowiedź i przejdź do następnego pytania

1 Mowa niezależna to wprost przytoczona wypowiedź.
a) Tak

b) Nie

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 2. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 4.

2 Dobrze. Idź do 3.

3 W mowie niezależnej można niekiedy pominąć spójnik that.
a) Tak

b) Nie

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 5. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 7.

4 Źle. Mowa niezależna to wprost przytoczona wypowiedź (np. Tom said, „I feel sick.").

Wróć do 1.

5 Dobrze. Idź do 6.

6 Niektóre czasowniki wprowadzające wymagają dopełnienia.
a) Tak

b) Nie

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 8. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 10.

7 Źle. That można czasami pominąć. Nie opuszcza się go po takich czasownikach jak:

argue, explain, reply. Wróć do 3.

8 Dobrze. Idź do 9.

9 Który z czasowników nie ulega zmianie w mowie zależnej? a) may b) used to c) shall

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 11. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 12. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź c, idź do 14.

10 Źle. Pewne czasowniki wprowadzające (np. tell, inform) muszą być użyte z dopełnieniem. Wróć do 6.

11 Źle. May zmienia się na might. Wróć do 9.

12 Dobrze. Idź do 13.

13 W którym zdaniu must można przekształcić w had to w mowie niezależnej?

a) I must finish it tomorrow.

b) He must be in his mid-forties.

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 15. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 17.

14 Źle. Shall zmienia się na should, a w przypadku składania propozycji na offer. Wróć do 9.

15 Dobrze. Idź do 16.

16 W którym zdaniu this zamienia się na the w mowie niezależnej?

a) This is your room.

b) I like this room.

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 20. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 18.

17 Źle. W przypadku np. wnioskowań must pozostaje bez zmian. Wróć do 13.

18 Dobrze. Idź do 19.

19 Czasy we wszystkich zdaniach warunkowych zmieniają się.

a) Tak

b) Nie

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 23. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 21.

20 Źle. Jeśli this jest zaimkiem, to przechodzi w it, np. „He said that it was my room". Wróć do 16.

21 Dobra odpowiedź. Idź do 22.

22 Które z poniższych zdań jest poprawnym przekształceniem: „When I lived in Chicago, I worked in a nightclub" na mowę zależną? a) He said that when he lived in Chicago he worked in a nightclub. b) He said that when he had lived in Chicago he worked in a nightclub.

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 24. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 26.

23 Zła odpowiedź. Nie zmieniają się czasy w zdaniach warunkowych II typu, jeśli są sprzeczne ze stanem faktycznym (np. „If I were you, I would do it") oraz czasy w zdaniach warunkowych III typu. Wróć do 19.

24 Dobrze. Idź do 25.

25 Które z poniższych zdań jest poprawnym przekształceniem: „If she were to retire, I would understand" na mowę zależną? a) He said that if she were to retire he would understand. b) He said that if she had been to retire he would understand.

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 27. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 29.

26 Źle. Czasy Past Simple i Past Continuous występujące w zdaniach czasowych zasadniczo nie ulegają zmianie. Wróć do 22.

27 Dobrze. Idź do 28.

28 Jaki szyk mają pytania w mowie niezależnej?

a) szyk zdania oznajmującego

b) szyk zdania pytającego

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 30. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 32.

29 Źle. Were to nie ulega zmianie w mowie zależnej. Wróć do 25.

30 Dobrze. Idź do 31.

31 Które z poniższych zdań jest poprawnym przekształceniem: „I wish I had a bigger house" na mowę zależną? a) She said that she wished she had a bigger house. b) She said that she wished she had had a bigger house.

Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź a, idź do 33. Jeśli wybrałeś odpowiedź b, idź do 34.

32 Źle. Pytania w mowie niezależnej mają szyk zdania oznajmującego, np. „He asked how old she was". Wróć do 28.

33 Dobrze. Idź do 35.

34 Źle. Czas przeszły po wish (a także po would rather/sooner, it is time) nie ulega zmianie. Wróć do 31.

35 Gratulacje! To koniec quizu.

Test podsumowujący

31 Poniższe zdania zmień na mowę niezależną.

Klucz

1. She said that there weren't any tickets left.

........................................................................................................................................

2. Lynn told me she didn't understand the instruction.

........................................................................................................................................

3. He said that he had never planned to be a teacher.

........................................................................................................................................

4. Chloe said that she had left her luggage on the train.

........................................................................................................................................

5. Mr Bright said that he was moving to the suburbs.

........................................................................................................................................

6. Bob told me that he was very upset by her remarks.

........................................................................................................................................

7. He said that he had met her the day before.

........................................................................................................................................

8. Jacky told me to put the key there.

........................................................................................................................................

9. Mark said he would never give up.

........................................................................................................................................

10. Andrew said that his new book was coming out next month.

......................................................................................................................................

11. Brian told me that he was sorry for his behaviour.

......................................................................................................................................

12. Vince said that he used to smoke like a chimney.

......................................................................................................................................

13. He said that the flyover was scheduled to be completed in May.

......................................................................................................................................

14. The doctor told me that I needed to start exercising.

......................................................................................................................................

15. She said that she wouldn’t object.

......................................................................................................................................

32 Uzupełnij poniższe zdania w mowie zależnej.

Klucz

1. “I will drop by tomorrow.” He told me ........................................................ .
2. “What have you done?” She asked me ........................................................ .
3. “You look wonderful.” He said .........................................................
4. “Can I call you back?” He asked ........................................................ .
5. “This ring is beautiful.” She said ........................................................ .

1. “I haven’t got a clue.” She said .........................................................
2. “I met Jack in a DIY store.” He told me ........................................................ .
3. “I didn’t enjoy this performance.” She said ........................................................ .
4. “We missed the bus by 10 minutes.” He said .........................................................
5. “You have no reason to be angry.” She said ........................................................ .
6. “OK. I will go first.” He agreed ........................................................ .
7. “I won’t tell your secret to anyone.” She promised .............................................. .
8. “This is really bad.” He said ........................................................ .
9. “I like it here.” She said ........................................................ .
10. “Cut down on coffee.” He advised me.........................................................