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Act on weapons and ammunition of May 21, 1999

The Act on Weapons and Ammunition of May 21, 1999 is a key legal act regulating the rules of possession, registration, storage and use of weapons and ammunition in Poland. This document is fundamental for all entities allowed to possess weapons, including for security personnel who may be required to use firearms as part of their duties. The Act specifies in detail the categories of weapons, conditions for obtaining a weapons permit, administrative procedures, as well as the obligations and rights of gun owners.

Range and categories of weapons

The Act defines various categories of weapons, including short firearms, long firearms, melee weapons, and ammunition. It also specifies detailed criteria for specific types of permits, such as permits for weapons for hunting, sporting, collecting purposes, or for personal and property protection.

Conditions for obtaining a firearms permit

To obtain a firearms permit, the applicant must meet a number of requirements, including: Be 18 years of age for a firearms permit, and a qualified security employee must be 21 years of age for a firearms permit. No conviction for an intentional crime or fiscal offence, Possession of full legal capacity and no health contraindications, Completing a course on possessing a weapon or proving that you have the required knowledge and skills in another way, Proving the existence of a justified need to possess a weapon.

Procedures for passing the exam by security personnel

Security workers, like other applicants, they must pass a theoretical and practical exam before obtaining a firearms permit. This process is organized and supervised by the appropriate provincial police headquarters.

THEORETICAL EXAM — Tests knowledge of applicable legal provisions regarding the possession, use, storage and transport of weapons and ammunition.

It also checks knowledge of safety rules and first aid in the event of accidents involving the use of weapons.

PRACTICAL EXAM — Consists of a part testing the ability to safely handle a weapon, including loading and unloading it, as well as shooting at a target.

The practical exam takes place at the shooting range and is supervised by an examiner. Obligations and rights of gun owners Weapon owners are obliged to comply with the regulations regarding the storage of weapons and ammunition in a way that protects against access by unauthorized persons. They must also regularly renew their firearms permits and undergo police inspections to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Act.

SANCTIONS FOR VIOLATION OF REGULATIONS

The Act provides for a number of sanctions for violating its provisions, including administrative penalties, fines and even imprisonment. These sanctions are intended to ensure a high level of public safety and the responsible use of weapons and ammunition. The Act on Weapons and Ammunition of May 21, 1999 is a comprehensive set of legal regulations aimed at ensuring public safety and order in the context of the possession and use of weapons. For security personnel who may be required to use firearms as part of their duties, knowing and complying with the provisions of this Act is absolutely fundamental. The process of obtaining a firearms permit, including passing theoretical and practical exams, is crucial for verifying their qualifications and skills in the safe use of weapons.

The Act regulates the rules of trade in weapons and ammunition in Poland. The Act specifies who may possess weapons and ammunition, what are the conditions for obtaining a permit, how to store pistols or rifles and ammunition, and what are the rules for their transport. The Act on Weapons and Ammunition provides for types of permits for weapons, a permit for monuments for collecting or souvenir purposes, a permit for shotguns for hunting purposes, a permit for a pistol for self-defense or a gun for professional purposes. To obtain a permit to possess a weapon, the following requirements must be met: you must be an adult and not deprived of public rights, you must not have been convicted of a crime or a fiscal offence, you must have appropriate skills and knowledge in the safe use of weapons, provide a place to safely store weapons. Illegal possession of a weapon is punishable by imprisonment for up to 5 years. Weapons and ammunition must be stored in a safe manner to prevent access to them by unauthorized persons. Weapons should be stored in an armored cabinet or safe that meets the requirements specified in the Act, ammunition should be stored separately from weapons. The transport of weapons and ammunition must be reported to the competent police authority. Possession of weapons by foreigners is allowed in Poland on the basis of a permit issued by the competent police authority. A foreigner who wants to obtain a firearms permit must meet the same conditions as a Polish citizen. The act also sets out the rules for the operation of shooting ranges. Shooting ranges are run by natural or legal persons who obtain permission from the competent police authority. A permit to operate a shooting range may be issued if the shooting range meets certain requirements. Pursuant to Art. 16 of the Act of May 21, 1999 on weapons and ammunition, in the scope of examination of a qualified security employee, examinations are carried out on knowledge of the provisions on the possession and use of weapons and skills in using weapons.

The exam is organized by the authorities responsible for issuing firearms permits.

The examination is conducted by a commission appointed by the body referred to in section 1, consisting of at least three members. Committee members are required to have personal authorization to conduct the examination.

The practical part of the exam is conducted with the participation of a member of the commission who is a licensed police shooting instructor or shooting training instructor. The exam consists of a theoretical and practical part.

The scope of the theoretical part of the exam includes checking the knowledge of the provisions of the Act of May 21, 1999 on weapons and ammunition and the provisions of the Penal Code regarding crimes related to weapons. Part of the theoretical examination is carried out in the form of a test. It consists of 20 questions, the results of which are entered on the examination card. To pass the theoretical part of the exam, you must answer all the questions; two mistakes are allowed. The practical part of the exam includes checking compliance with detailed safety rules at the shooting range. Ability to unfold and fold, loading and unloading weapons.

Dealing with a weapon that is defective to the extent that further shooting is impossible, determining the parts of the weapon and conducting a shooting test using a given type of weapon. The practical part of the exam is carried out at the shooting range, and the results are entered on the examination card. The committee may ask the examinee a question regarding the issues referred to in section 1. The practical part is considered passed when the examinee demonstrates knowledge of the issues referred to in section 1 and obtains the results from the shooting test prescribed for a given type of weapon. For handguns, distance on the shooting range: 15 m from the target, standing position, time: 5 minutes, 6 rounds of 9x19 ammunition. Obtaining 35 points results in the test being considered passed. If the candidate fails the theoretical part of the examination, he or she will not be allowed to take the practical part of the examination. The course of the test and its results are documented in the protocol, parts of which are exam cards from the theoretical and practical parts. Before the exam begins, the board informs the examinee about the possibility of submitting an application for a make-up exam. After completing the exam, the report is signed by the committee members and the examinee.

There are no publicly available statistics showing the pass rate in exams regarding knowledge of the regulations regarding the possession and use of weapons and the ability to use weapons. A certain picture is provided by the statistics on granting licenses for persons, property and personal protection workers, published on the Police website. Ethics — interest in the matters it concerns has accompanied people since the dawn of time. Just like our ancestors, we today are faced with the same questions: how to live, how to act towards others, how to fulfill ourselves so that our lives, activities and work can be said to be good and fair. In modern times, a certain trend in the division of labor can be observed. The emergence of new professions and types of employment resulted in the emergence of professional ethics that did not exist before.

Unfortunately, it can be observed that in this process the traditions of thought in classical ethics are ignored and a kind of confusion of concepts and erroneous reasoning occurs. At the end of the last century, certain political changes were initiated, which turned out to be fraught with consequences. In addition to the positive effects, we are also observing negative ones, including increasing threats to state security and the safety of citizens. There was a need to look for new legal solutions related to the issues of public security and citizen safety outside the institutional system. As a solution, a model of certain privatization of police tasks was adopted. It has, as it were, transferred some of its existing tasks to non-public entities to the private sector. These include obligations arising from ensuring security at state facilities: airports, military units, museums, etc. as well as public utilities, e.g. banks or shopping centers. A legal order has been established, which is guarded, on the one hand, by institutions established by the state: the police, courts, prosecutor’s offices and many others, and, on the other hand, by private companies in the field of protection of persons and property, which have obtained an appropriate license issued by the Ministry of the Interior and Administration.

Such a system places these entities as an element of state security. Formations of this type, in terms of basic protection of citizens, state and private property, fulfill the same tasks as state uniformed formations and are equipped with similar instruments, ranging from physical force to firearms. There is a particular similarity in the police prevention department. Thus, since 1990 we have observed the emergence of a new profession security worker. To date, according to various estimates, over 200,000 people practice this profession. Despite the scope of responsibilities being similar to some extent, differences in the functioning of commercial and state formations should be noted. Both soldiers and officers of the army, police, Border Guard, etc., and security services are called to protect. State formations are based on an oath to serve the Homeland and uphold the constitution, which is a determinant of their actions. For companies in the security industry, the determinant is to achieve a financial goal by providing protection services for people and property.

At the formation level, we see a difference in the operational profile. However, these differences blur at the level of rank-and-file officers, their daily tasks and actions taken. When people who are injured or threatened with lawlessness call for help, they expect, above all, effective and professional intervention, which can be carried out by both security services and the police. Members of both formations are equally exposed to stress, loss of health and even life while on duty. Similarly, there are traps lurking for them in the form of corruption, the possibility of abusing power, and the use of force, which they can face thanks to an appropriate moral attitude. Practice shows the following phenomenon: private security is primarily required to be effective. From the state police to act in compliance with all principles, including ethical ones. In the profession of a security worker, it is desirable to have most of the features characteristic of professions of social trust, such as: rule of law, maintaining official and state secrets, mutual trust. Such features, combined with the ethical principles applied on a daily basis by security workers, will allow you to apply for the status of a profession of public trust.

It is natural that state services have their own ethos and professional ethics, so also security services, since they operate in a similar way, such ethics seems necessary. Legal acts, often inconsistent and even contradictory, leave a wide margin of ambiguity, and in an area as delicate as human rights and dignity, unethical and immoral behavior can cause great harm. These facts support the fact that to start ethical education among people professionally involved in commercial protection of people and property. The dissemination and observance of ethical principles compiled in terms of the functioning of security services will not only result in an increase in the quality of the services provided, but it will also significantly contribute to improving the safety of citizens and goods entrusted to protection. The correctness of the actions taken depends to a large extent on the moral attitude of security employees. The importance of these issues is noticed by the authors of publications by related formations, primarily the police, where these topics are reflected in the literature.

The reference to international legal acts on freedom and human rights is widely observed and is treated as the most important point of reference. Unfortunately, as I mentioned at the beginning, there is a mixture of concepts and a departure from the trend of classical ethics, especially until 1989, where the basis for such ethics was Marxist philosophy. After the political transformation, the professional ethics of the police were based on the philosophy of Immanuel Kant and Tadeusz Kotarbiński. There are also timid attempts to separate the ethics of uniformed formations from these assumptions, expressed in the position that ethics is able to justify ethical norms by referring to the assumptions of classical philosophy, and not only to the results of sociological research. This is how Mieczysław Gogacz defines professional ethics: „professional ethics considered as a fact is a set of human moral improvements needed to perform a given job. „The shaping of these improvements depends on the adopted concept of work (Mieczysław Gogacz points to three: Marxist, structuralist and Christian) and therefore professional ethics will change because it depends on these concepts. Mieczysław Gogacz postulates that among various ethics based on the above concepts, one should choose one so that „understood from the point of view of its concept, it appears as responsibility for the results of work undertaken in conditions of good preparation, i.e. having both moral and intellectual skills, and therefore in conditions of proportional human perfection. According to this concept, ethics is a theory of choosing actions that protect people.

The first and main principle of choice is wisdom. It encourages the will to choose actions that maintain the relationship of love, faith and hope. Protecting people means creating these relationships. The second principle of conduct is contemplation. Its task is to combine truth with good and provide information that relationships of love, faith and hope are established between people. The third principle of conduct is conscience. It encourages us to use both contemplation and wisdom. These three principles are the foundation of the ethics of protecting people. A security employee is not suspended in a vacuum when making decisions that affect his behavior. These decisions are significantly influenced by the ethical principles that shaped him. They are not rigid regulations or standards in the legal sense. They are moral guidelines that aim to best fulfill the obligations arising from being a public official, in this case a security employee. Here are some of the most important:

Principle of respect for human dignity, Principle of respect for human life and health, Principle of knowledge and respect for the law Principle of honesty, Principle of reliability and professionalism, Principle of loyalty In addition to the general principles and character traits resulting from them, it is worth mentioning in this chapter other personality and character traits, that are needed in professions related to property protection. These are the willingness to help all those in need, discretion, sacrifice and courage, Respect for national and cultural symbols, honesty and truthfulness, impartiality and objectivity, awareness of one’s value. unclear, inconsistent law does not facilitate decision-making in conflict situations. Detailed instructions rigorously treat every departure from the principle of security of goods entrusted to protection, somehow failing to notice that when it is necessary to provide help to those in need, the value of human life or health must be treated as superior to them. You cannot remain sensitive to the harm of others without disregarding the ethical aspect of your actions. There have been examples in history of soldiers guards or officers blindly taught to obey orders and regulations. It is quite convenient to assume that in every situation you can find an existing regulation, the application of which will allow you to choose the most appropriate course of action.

The experience of recent years shows that replacing moral judgment with the letter of the law may even lead to criminal practices. Those in power have too often succumbed to the temptation to identify and, as a result, replace ethics with paragraphs. If statutory laws did not flow from natural law, they were inconsistent with the principles of morality. In such a situation, the lack of professional ethics guidelines results in a kind of reversal of the poles and the officer, instead of a subservient role towards society, plays the role of a supervisor of the restriction apparatus. This is a very dangerous situation, one of the direct causes of which is the lack of ethical rules of conduct, which have been replaced by legislation. It can be said with a high degree of probability that becoming aware of the existence of natural law and its superiority over the laws enacted by, for example, MO officers shooting at demonstrators would certainly make them think about the purposefulness of such shooting. At that time, there was a lack of knowledge about morality, ethics, obligations and responsibility for one’s own actions. Such examples illustrate how important it is to base professional ethics on an appropriate basis of general ethics. Taking into account the nature of work in the security industry, its specificity and the relation of all tasks to people, it seems that the most appropriate attitude for the professional ethics of a security employee will be the ethics of protecting people, which guarantees that actions are directed towards the good of people.Principles of providing first aid, instructions for applying a tourniquet and instructions for using an AED

Providing pre-medical aid by a security employee is a key element of responding to emergencies when the health or life of people may be at risk. Security workers, as one of the first on the scene, should be prepared to take appropriate action before emergency services arrive. Here are detailed step-by-step instructions:

Ensuring safety

Assess the situation and make sure the scene is safe for you, the injured party and the surroundings. Assess hazards such as vehicle traffic, risk of fire or presence of hazardous substances. Securing the scene If possible, secure the area to prevent further accidents, for example by using a warning triangle or other signaling means.

ASSESSMENT OF THE INJURED PERSON’S CONDITION

Checking for Consciousness Gently shake the victim and ask his name or if he is OK to assess whether he is conscious. Assess breathing Placing your hand close to the casualty’s nose and mouth will help you feel for breathing. Also watch for chest movements. Check your circulation to see if you are dealing with hemorrhage, and if there is no breathing, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

CALL FOR HELP

Alerting the services Call for help immediately by calling the emergency number and providing the exact location, description of the situation and information about the condition of the injured person. Be ready to answer any additional questions the dispatcher may have.

PROVIDING PRE-MEDICAL ASSISTANCE

Stop the bleeding use a clean cloth (bandage, wipe) to apply direct pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding. Positioning the injured person If the injured person is unconscious but breathing, place him in a safe position (on his side, with his head slightly tilted back), constantly monitoring his breathing and circulation. Care for the injured ensure the injured person’s thermal and mental comfort. Cover him to prevent hypothermia, reassure him and inform him about the actions taken and expected help. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the injured person is not breathing, begin CPR according to current guidelines (30 chest compressions for 2 breaths) and continue until emergency services arrive.

CARE AFTER THE ARRIVAL OF EMERGENCY SERVICES

Providing information when emergency services arrive, provide all information collected about the incident, the condition of the injured person, assistance provided and possible witnesses of the event. Cooperate and be available to emergency services if they need your help or additional information. As a security officer, you must be prepared to respond quickly and effectively in emergency situations. Regular first aid training is crucial to maintain skills at the appropriate level and be ready to provide the necessary assistance before the arrival of professional emergency services.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR APPLYING A TOURNIQUET

Applying a tourniquet is an emergency procedure used in situations where other methods of stopping severe external bleeding, such as direct pressure on the wound, prove ineffective. Below are step-by-step instructions on how a security guard should apply a tourniquet: Situation assessment and safety. Make sure the situation is safe for you and the injured party. Assess the casualty and identify the source of severe bleeding.

CALL FOR HELP

Call for medical help immediately and advise that a tourniquet should be used. Preparing the tourniquet if you have access to a commercial tourniquet, use it. If you don’t have a professional bandage, you can use improvised material, e.g. a bandage or a piece of clean fabric, but remember that it should be wide enough (minimum 5 cm wide) so as not to damage the tissue.

LOCATION OF PLACING THE BANDAGE

Locate the place where the bandage is to be placed. This should be as close to the wound as possible, but above it, on a soft area of the body (not a joint).

PUTTING ON THE BAND

Wrap the bandage around the limb above the wound (2—3 cm above, but as close to the bleeding site as possible). Tighten the tourniquet until the bleeding stops. If using a commercial wristband, follow the manufacturer’s instructions. If you have an improvised band, tie it and secure it using a lever (e.g. pen) to tighten and tie the ends of the fabric.

SECURITY AND MONITORING

Once the tourniquet is applied, do not remove or loosen it unless instructed by medical personnel. Monitor the casualty’s condition and the tourniquet until medical help arrives. Pay attention to changes in color, temperature and feeling of the limb below the bandage.

DOCUMENTATION

Mark the time of applying the tourniquet (you can write it on the tourniquet itself or on the injured person’s body). Inform emergency personnel about the time of wristband application and the circumstances of the incident.

What to do after applying the bandage

Do not leave the injured person alone. Provide support and comfort until emergency services arrive. Be prepared to provide detailed information about the incident and the actions that were taken. Applying a tourniquet is a last resort and can save your life in cases of severe bleeding. All actions should be performed with caution and awareness of potential threats. Regular training in first aid and emergency procedures is crucial for security staff to respond effectively in crisis situations.

AED USER MANUAL FOR A QUALIFIED EMPLOYEE AND MORE

An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a life-saving device that can be used to resuscitate a person who has suffered sudden cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation. Below is a detailed AED user manual intended for a qualified security employee.

ASSESS THE SITUATION AND ENSURE SAFETY

Assess the situation and make sure the area where the injured person is is safe for you, the injured person and others.

Assessment of the casualty Check the casualty’s level of consciousness by turning to him and gently shaking his shoulders. If he is unresponsive and not breathing normally, call for help immediately by shouting for support or using the available alarm system.

CALL FOR HELP

Alerting emergency services Ask a bystander to call an ambulance on the emergency number and inform them about suspected cardiac arrest and to start resuscitation. If you are alone, do it yourself as soon as possible. Starting CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

PLACE THE INJURED PERSON ON HIS OR HER BACK ON A HARD SURFACE.

For chest compressions, place your cupped hands in the center of the injured person’s chest, between the nipples. Your arms should be straight. Perform compressions about 5 cm deep and at a rate of about 100—120 per minute. If you have been trained to administer artificial respiration, give two breaths after every 30 compressions.

PREPARING TO USE THE AED:

As soon as an AED is available, immediately stop CPR and prepare the device for use. Turning on the AED Turn on the AED by following the audio or visual instructions provided by the device. Preparing the chest expose the victim’s chest. If the chest is wet, dry it. If there are bristles on the chest, quickly eat them generally. to ensure good electrode adhesion. Placing the electrodes, open the package with electrodes and place them on the victim’s bare chest, according to the instructions on the electrodes or provided by the device. One electrode should be placed below the right collarbone and the other near the left side of the chest, under the heart line. Heart rhythm analysis and defibrillation. Rhythm analysis After placing the electrodes, the AED will automatically analyze the victim’s heart rhythm. During this time, no one should touch the injured person. Decision to defibrillate If the device determines that defibrillation is necessary, it will inform you about it via a voice or visual message. Make sure no one is touching the victim and follow the AED instructions to deliver the electrical shock. Delivering a Shock If the AED indicates the need to shock, make sure no one is touching the casualty and press the shock button when prompted by the device.

CONTINUED CPR AFTER DEFIBRILLATION

Resume CPR immediately after defibrillation, regardless of result, resume chest compressions continuing a cycle of 30 compressions for 2 breaths unless the victim begins breathing normally or the emergency team arrives. Monitoring and subsequent analysis continue CPR until the AED requests interruption again for rhythm analysis. Repeat the defibrillation cycle as directed by the device until emergency services arrive. Providing information to emergency services. Information for rescuers When emergency services arrive, provide them with all important information: CPR duration, number of defibrillations performed and any observations regarding the victim’s condition. Correct use of an AED by a security guard can significantly increase a victim’s chance of survival in the event of a sudden cardiac arrest. The key is to quickly recognize the situation, call for help, immediately start CPR and use the AED effectively in accordance with the above instructions and device messages. Regular training in the use of AED and first aid is necessary to maintain readiness to act in a crisis situation.

WHAT SAFETY RULES DO YOU KNOW AT THE SHOOTING RANGE

It is prohibited to point a loaded weapon at people at the shooting range, except when conducting training without shooting, using colored and school ammunition. Shooting should only be carried out with technically functional weapons. Do not put down a loaded weapon or give it to another shooter. If it is necessary to put away or transfer the weapon, it should be unloaded, checked and secured. On the firing line, point the weapon at the bullet trap, targets or target objects specified by the leader. Place your finger on the trigger only when making a conscious shot at a target that is recognized and defined by shooting conditions. Constantly control the position of the weapon while shooting. In team shooting, control each other’s positioning. Draw your weapon only at a shooting or training station, at the command specified by the leader. Carry out all shooting-related activities upon the instructor’s explicit instructions. Who, how and under what circumstances is obliged to stop shooting? In a threat situation, the command „CEASE FIRE” is given by the shooting participant who noticed the danger. Shooting participants are all people present at the shooting range during classes. The shooter who detects a threat immediately stops shooting and gives the command „CEASE FIRE” in the following situations: people or animals appearing in front of the shooters, bullets falling outside the bullet trap, bullets ricocheting towards the shooters, injury to the shooter, other danger arises. What to do after the „CEASE FIRE” command after the command „CEASE FIRE” you should: stop shooting, remove your finger from the trigger and place it along the lock (skeleton) weapon, secure the weapon, adopt a safe attitude specified by the instructor. A firearm is a weapon that launches projectiles using the power of gunpowder gases produced by the combustion of a gunpowder charge. What is the caliber of a firearm? The caliber of a firearm is the internal diameter of the barrel measured between opposite fields, given in inches or millimeters. pistol — intended for pistols and submachine guns; revolver — intended mainly for revolvers; intermediate — intended for carbines, semi-automatic rifles; rifle — intended for rifles, machine guns; sports — intended for shooting with small caliber 5 caliber sporting weapons, 6 mm rimfire; special — intended for shooting with smooth-bore weapons, revolvers and flare guns; training ammunition — has the shape and external parameters of combat ammunition, but is devoid of fire elements (primer and powder charge); practice ammunition (blank) — a type of fully functional ammunition, but without a bullet. List and indicate the basic elements of the cartridge. Cartridge construction: The main components of the cartridge are: shell, which includes the shell flange and fire channels, primer, powder charge, bullet.

Construction of a rimfire, centerfire cartridge
CONSTRUCTION OF A HANDGUN AND ITS DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY AT THE PROVINCIAL POLICE HEADQUARTERS

What types of handguns do you know used by a qualified security guard:

9 mm P-83 „WANAD” gun

9 mm P-99 „WALTHER”

9 mm pistol „GLOCK”(17, 19,)

Revolvers: 0.38” Special „ASTRA”
DESCRIBE THE P-83 PISTOL:

Semi-automatic weapons; the principle of operation of weapons is the use of Energy free bolt recoil; locking is carried out by the lock’s inertia mass; double-action trigger-impact mechanism DA system; single-row box magazine with a capacity of 8 pieces; 9 x 18 mm Makarov ammunition; initial velocity of the projectile 318 m/s. Disassemble, assemble and discuss the construction of the P-83 pistol. How to disassemble the P-83: Secure weapons;

Secure weapons;

Pull out the magazine

Check the cartridge chamber

Pull the bumper down

Pull the zipper back and lift it

Pull the zipper off the frame by moving it forward

Pull the return spring off the barrel with a twisting motion

Folding is done in reverse order. Check if the weapon is assembled correctly. The P-83 pistol consists of 4 basic elements
LIST WHAT COMPONENTS ARE IN THE SLIDE OF THE P-83 PISTOL

Castle shaft

Castle shaft

Indicator of the presence of a cartridge in the cartridge chamber

extractor assembly

Sights

Sights

Sights

Fuse

Fuse
LIST THE SLIDE FUNCTIONS ON THE P-83 PISTOL

Introduces the cartridge into the cartridge chamber; closes the barrel during firing; allows you to remove the case (cartridge) from the cartridge chamber; sets the hammer on the cock catch (cocks the cock). Discuss how the accidental fire protection works on the P-83 pistol. During protection, the fuse: immobilizes the firing pin; prevents the hammer from hitting the firing pin; blocks the trigger and impact mechanism; Releases the cock from the rear to the front position. How is the firing pin protected against hammer strike in the P-83 pistol? In P-gun 83, the firing pin is protected against the hammer’s impact in two ways: during securing, the firing pin is lowered and catches its tooth on the breech surface, preventing it from moving forward; the lower position of the firing pin also prevents the hammer from hitting the firing pin, because in this position the head of the firing pin enters the groove in the hammer. Replace the bail function on the P-83 pistol Bow: It protects the trigger against accidental pressing. List the functions of the bumper on the P-83 pistol. Bumper: limits the movement of the slide backwards after a shot, connects the castle to the framework. List the elements that make up the magazine in the P-83 pistol. magazine box, magazine feeder, magazine spring, bottom of the magazine. Discuss the activities related to checking the efficiency of the P-83 pistol. Please check: whether there is no rust, dirt or damage on the metal parts; whether the cock works properly when cocking or releasing the cock from the cocked position; whether the sights are damaged; whether the latch securely holds the magazine in the gun’s grip; condition of the barrel; whether the bolt stops in the rear position on the bolt stop lever when the magazine is empty; operation of gun parts in a secured state (locked trigger and impact mechanism); check the correct operation of the needle.

What are the basic elements of the P-99 Walter pistol
LOCK BARREL RETURN SPRING WITH POLE SKELETON WEAPON
MAGAZINE.

Is there a circuit breaker in the P-99 gun? If so, how does it work? There is no circuit breaker in the P-99. The P-99 pistol has a protrusion on the trigger rail that acts as an interrupter, preventing premature firing.

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon
When the cartridge chamber is closed, the protrusion on the trigger rail (acting as a switch) is located in the bolt cutout. When the lock is retracted, it pushes the trigger rail through the protrusion and disengages the trigger and impact mechanism.

TAKE APART THE P-99 PISTOL AND DISCUSS THE FUNCTIONS OF THE EJECTOR:

How to disassemble the P-99 pistol:

Pull out the magazine

Pull out the magazine

Check the cartridge chamber

Release the cocked needle

Pull the lock back approx. 2—3 mm and pull the lock bolts down

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Remove the return spring with the rod

Remove the return spring with the rod

Remove the barrel from the lock
Folding is done in reverse order. Check if the weapon is assembled correctly.

Ejector
It ejects the shell or cartridge when the weapon is unloaded or a misfire is removed. Discuss how the accidental fire protection system in the P-99 pistol works.

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon
The firing pin lock prevents the firing pin from moving forward by blocking the firing pin channel. Pressing the trigger disables the lock.

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon
The trigger safety prevents the inertial movement of the shock trigger mechanism backwards, e.g. when the weapon falls. When the trigger is pulled, the fuses turn off automatically. As soon as the shooter takes his finger off the trigger, the gun secures automatically

Cartridge presence indicator

Cartridge presence indicator

Cartridge presence indicator

Cartridge presence indicator

Lock release lever

Lock latch lever

Needle release lever
LIST THE SLIDE FUNCTIONS ON THE P-99 PISTOL

Sends the cartridge to the cartridge chamber, closes the barrel during shooting, allows you to remove the case (cartridge) from the cartridge chamber, cocks the firing pin. Discuss how the bolt stop mechanism works after the last shot on the P-99 pistol. After firing the last shot, the magazine feeder lifts the bolt release lever, which engages the notch in the bolt, stopping it in the rear position.

What are the basic components of a Glock pistol
lock, barrel, return spring with pole, skeleton, magazine. What versions of the Glock pistol are used by a qualified security guard: Standard GLOCK 17; Compact GLOCK 19; Take apart your Glock pistol.

Pull out the magazine

Check the cartridge chamber

Release the cocked firing pin by firing a control shot

Pull the lock back approx. 2—3 mm and pull the lock bolts down

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Move the zipper forward and disconnect it from the Frame

Remove the return spring with the rod

Remove the return spring with the rod

Remove the barrel from the lock

Folding is done in reverse order. Check if the weapon is assembled correctly. Discuss the functions of the lock catch.
After firing the last round from the magazine, the bolt release lever is raised by the action of the magazine feeder, which in turn is lifted by the magazine spring. The lock catch engages in a notch located in the lock, stopping it in the rear position. Discuss, how the accidental shot protection system in the Glock pistol works. The GLOCK pistol has three fuses that together create a safe operation system. These include: External trigger safety prevents inertial movement of the shock trigger mechanism backwards, e.g. when the weapon falls.

Trigger

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon

cross-section of the weapon
Discuss how the accidental shot protection system on a Glock pistol works

cross-section of the weapon

Point out the trigger rail and ejector on a Glock pistol
BALLISTICS DIVISION AND IMPORTANCE

Ballistics is the science of throwing and moving projectiles, it is divided into:

INTERNAL BALLISTICS — dealing with phenomena occurring in the barrel. Its main task is to determine the relationship between the pressure of the powder gases, the velocity and the path of the bullet in the barrel. Its parameters have a very large impact on the technical solutions of the weapon;

EXTERNAL BALLISTICS — dealing with issues related to the movement of the projectile after leaving the barrel of the weapon. This is one of the most important issues in shooting, because in order to hit the target with a bullet, you must first know how it will fly in the air, i.e. where it will be at a given time.

AFTER LEAVING THE BARREL, the bullet travels thanks to the force of inertia; terminal ballistics (target ballistics) — dealing with phenomena occurring at the point of contact between the projectile and the target. It is important in calculating the strength of shields and the stopping power of bullets.

WHAT IS A SHOT?

A shot is the ejection of a projectile from the barrel caused by the action of powder gases generated during the combustion of a powder charge. The pressure of the gases on the bottom of the case forces the bottom into the face of the bolt. Under the influence of pressure on the walls of the case, they adhere tightly to the walls of the cartridge chamber, preventing gases from rupturing backwards. The powder gases spread towards the direction of least resistance, i.e. the bottom of the bullet, setting the bullet in motion. Due to the forward movement, the projectile cuts into the threads, creating a spinning motion, and is thrown out of the barrel towards the extension of the barrel axis.

WHAT CHARACTERIZES THE SHOT PHENOMENON?

The shooting phenomenon is characterized by: very high gas pressure, high temperature of gunpowder gases, a short period of the phenomenon, the rapidly changing volume of the burning powder charge. Explain the concept of initial velocity. The initial velocity is the speed of the projectile at the moment it exits the barrel.

WHAT DOES THE INITIAL VELOCITY OF THE BULLET DEPEND ON?

The initial speed depends on: barrel length, bullet mass, the mass of the powder charge.

WHAT IS FIREARM RECOIL?

The recoil of a firearm is the backward movement of the weapon when fired, caused by the action of the pressure of powder gases through the bottom of the case on the lock.

shooter prone position
WHAT IS A FIREARM DROP?

The recoil of a firearm is the rotation of the weapon in the vertical plane during the shot, caused by the asymmetry of the weapon’s center of gravity in relation to the barrel axis and the action of recoil and recoil braking forces. List the basic elements of accurate shooting. The basic elements of accurate shooting are: shooting stance, weapon grip, matching of sights, breath, working on the trigger, holding in after the shot. List the weapon irregularities that affect shot accuracy: damage to the barrel (deformed barrel muzzle, barrel curvature, barrel decalibration, abrasion or rounding of the edges of the threaded part of the barrel, excessive heating of the barrel during shooting); rearranged, damaged sights (deformation of the front sight, deformation of the sight frame, side play of the sight, incorrect positioning of the sights in relation to the barrel axis).

WHAT IS SCATTER?

This is a natural phenomenon of bullets falling in different places when firing the same weapon and in the same conditions. Explain the terms: jamming, blocking, firearm failure. Weapon jam — a weapon malfunction that can be removed by the shooter while firing. Weapon jam — a weapon malfunction that can be removed by the shooter during shooting, but requires greater skills from the shooter and sometimes additional equipment, e.g. a cleaning rod (usually caused by the user’s fault). Weapon malfunction — malfunction of the weapon, impossible to remove by the shooter during firing

.WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF JAMS NOT CLOSING THE CARTRIDGE CHAMBER?

Improper reloading, contaminated gun, weak return spring, damaged gun.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF A JAM A MISFIRE?

Faulty cartridge, contaminated needle channel, damaged firing pin or firing pin spring.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF A JAM A STUCK CASE?

Damaged ejector or exhaust assembly, contaminated gun, weak or damp powder charge.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF A JAM A SKEWED CARTRIDGE?

Contaminated gun, improper reloading, damaged magazine.